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<!--BEGIN SPECIFICATIONS--> C-1 Specifications Primary Function: Cargo Contractor: Kawasaki (Japan) Crew: Five Unit Cost: N/A Powerplant Two Pratt &amp; Whitney JT80D-M-9A engines at 64.5 kN of thrust each Dimensions Length: 95.1 ft Wingspan: 100.4 ft Height: 32.8 ft Weights Empty: 52,258 lb Maximum Takeoff: 85,113 lb Performance Speed: 506 mph Ceiling: 40,000 ft Range: 1307 miles Armament N/A Service Life First Flight: November 12, 1970 (prototype) December 1974 (C-1A) End of Service: N/A Number Built: [~31 total] <!--END SPECIFICATIONS--> <!--BEGIN ACHIEVEMENTS--> C-1 Achievements No known major achievements <!--END ACHIEVEMENTS--> <!--BEGIN FEATURES--> <!-- C-1 Features --> <!--END FEATURES--> <!--BEGIN BACKGROUND--> C-1 Background In 1966, the JASDF transport fleet was composed primarily of Curtiss C-46 Commandos, a retired midwar American design built in large numbers before the end of World War II. While relatively capable for its time, the C-46 did not fare well in comparison to newer aircraft such as the Lockheed C-130 Hercules, and the JASDF therefore elected to replace it with a domestically-designed and -manufactured transport aircraft.For this purpose, they turned to the Nihon Aircraft Manufacturing Company, a consortium of several major corporations, which had begun to produce commercially its YS-11 airliner four years earlier. NAMC decided that Kawasaki Heavy Industries was to be the prime contractor, and the airplane thus bears that company's name. Fully developed by Kawasaki Heavy Industries and Japanese design, this aircraft has been used as military transport for the Japan Self Defense Forces since its maiden flight in November 1970.Japanese policies at the time on military equipment were strict in that they were not to have offensive capabilities, and so the maximum range was cut in order to keep the aircraft's operational range inside Japan. This proved to be a problem after Okinawa was returned to Japan from the US, and the aircraft had trouble reaching the island from distant areas. Thus production was terminated and the C-130 was introduced. <!--END BACKGROUND-->

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